In many cases, the steel has not yet achieved the desired quality after the refining process. Lack of alloying elements, traces of interfering auxiliary elements or gas dissolved in the fusion process prevent the required properties to be attained. Molten molten steel is refined by a post-treatment called "secondary metallurgy". The carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen contents are further lowered. Through alloying, setting the desired level of overheating and slag impurities, the smelting properties are further improved.